Bowel perforation with generalised peritonitis secondary to recurrent primary fallopian tube carcinoma after 17 years.

We describe a case of bowel perforation secondary to a recurrence of primary fallopian tube carcinoma treated more than a decade ago. A woman in her 70s presented to a rural centre with an acute abdomen. An abdominal CT showed a perforated ileum secondary to a pelvic mass. Emergency laparotomy identified the pelvic mass that was adherent to the side wall and invading the ileum at the site of perforation. Its adherence to the external iliac vessels posed a challenge to achieve en-bloc resection; therefore, a defunctioning loop ileostomy was created. Final histopathology and immunopathology were consistent with the recurrence of her primary fallopian tube carcinoma. The patient was further discussed in a multidisciplinary team meeting at a tertiary referral hospital. This case highlighted the importance of having a high index of suspicion for cancer recurrence, the utility of rapid source control laparotomy and multidisciplinary team patient management.

Does prenatal diagnosis of meconium peritonitis have the better recovery? A single-center over 10 years of experience.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether infants with prenatal diagnosis of meconium peritonitis (MP) have a poorer prognosis. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of data from infants treated with surgery from January 2008 to December 2020 was conducted. The patients were divided into prenatal diagnosis group and postnatal diagnosis group based on the timing of diagnosis. The intraoperative and postoperative parameters of the two groups of patients were compared. RESULTS: A total of 71 cases of MP were included in the study, with 48 cases in the prenatal diagnosis group and 23 cases in the postnatal diagnosis group. The comparison of preoperative indicators between the two groups of patients showed no statistically significant differences in baseline (p > 0.05). Intraoperative indicators, including blood loss, anastomosis, retained intestinal tube length and excised intestinal tube length, showed no statistically significant differences between the two groups (p > 0.05). However, the postnatal diagnosis group had a significantly shorter operation time than the prenatal diagnosis group (p < 0.05). Postoperative indicators, including fasting time, albumin usage, complications, and abandonment or mortality rates, show no difference (p > 0.05). Nevertheless, the postnatal diagnosis group exhibited significantly shorter hospital stay and time to first bowel movement compared to the prenatal diagnosis group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Prenatal diagnosis of meconium peritonitis is associated with increased surgical complexity, prolonged hospital stay, and delayed recovery of intestinal function. However, there is no evidence of higher mortality or more complications compared to infants diagnosed postnatally, and there is no significant difference in long-term prognosis.

Dispositivo de presión negativa empleado en pacientes pediátricos con abdomen hostil: serie de casos / Negative pressure device used in pediatric patients with hostile abdomen. Case series

Introducción: El abdomen hostil es una patología quirúrgica caracterizada por una pérdida de espacio entre los órganos y estructuras del abdomen. La terapia de presión negativa se ha descrito de manera extensa en adultos, pero no así en pacientes pediátricos. El objetivo de este estudio es presentar los resultados a corto plazo de la terapia de presión negativa en pacientes pediátricos con abdomen hostil debido a distintas etiologías. Material y métodos: Identificación y análisis retrospectivo de los pacientes pediátricos con abdomen hostil (< 18 años) tratados con terapia de presión negativa ABTHERA. Resultados: Se incluyó a 7 pacientes. La mediana de edad fue de 16 años (rango: 9-17). 5 (71,4%) eran niños y 2 (28,6%) niñas. 3 (43%) presentaban antecedentes médico-quirúrgicos de interés (lupus eritematoso sistémico, apendicectomía complicada y derivación ventriculoperitoneal). El dispositivo se empleó a presión constante, entre–50 y –125 mmHg. Los hallazgos preoperatorios y postoperatoriosse notificaron mediante la clasificación de Bjork. Los dispositivos sesustituyeron cada 4-7 días (mediana de 5 días). La cantidad total dereemplazos fue de 1-4 (mediana de 3). 5 (71,4%) pacientes precisaronventilación mecánica invasiva durante la terapia de presión negativadebido al estado clínico. 4 (57%) pacientes recibieron nutrición enteral.1 (14%) paciente requirió reintervención posterior al cierre definitivopor el desarrollo de un absceso retroperitoneal. El resultado, evaluadoen base a la tolerancia oral, el movimiento intestinal y la ausencia dedolor, fue favorable en todos los pacientes.Conclusión: Los dispositivos de terapia de presión negativa aportanresultados favorables en los pacientes pediátricos con abdomen hostil,aunque se necesita más información para evaluar los ajustes de presióny la frecuencia de reemplazo del dispositivo.(AU)

Introduction: Hostile abdomen is a surgical condition characterized by loss of space between organs and structures in the abdomen. Negative pressure therapy use has been widely described in adults; the case is not the same for pediatric patients. The goal of this study is to present short-term results of negative pressure therapy use in pediatric patients with hostile abdomen due to different etiologies. Materials and methods: Pediatric hostile abdomen patients (< 18 years) who were treated Negative pressure therapy using ABTHERA were identified and retrospectively reviewed. Results: 7 patients were included in this study. Median age was 16 (range: 9-17 yo). 5 (71.4%) were male and 2 (28.6%) females. 3 (43%) had significant past medical/surgical history (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, complicated appendectomy and ventriculoperitonealshunt). The device was set at a continuous pressure ranging from –50 to –125 mmHg. Pre and post-surgical findings were reported using Bjork’s classification. Devices were replaced every 4-7 days (median 5 days). Total amount of replacements was 1-4 (median 3). 5 (71.4%) patients required invasive mechanical ventilation during use of Negative pressure therapy based on clinical status. 4 (57%) patients received enteral nutrition. 1 (14%) patient required re-intervention posterior to definitive closure due to retroperitoneal abscess development. Outcome, evaluated by (oral tolerance, bowel movement and absence of pain), was favorable in all patients. Conclusion: Negative pressure therapy devices generate favorable results in hostile abdomen in pediatric population but further information is needed to assess pressure settings and device replacement frequency.(AU)

Inadvertent laparoscopic lavage of perforated colon cancer: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Although laparoscopic lavage for perforated diverticulitis with peritonitis has been grabbing the headlines, it is known that the clinical presentation of peritonitis can also be caused by an underlying perforated carcinoma. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of patients undergoing inadvertent laparoscopic lavage of perforated colon cancer as well as the delay in cancer diagnosis. METHODS: The PubMed database was systematically searched to include all studies meeting inclusion criteria. Studies were screened through titles and abstracts with potentially eligible studies undergoing full-text screening. The primary endpoints of this meta-analysis were the rates of perforated colon cancer patients having undergone inadvertent laparoscopic lavage as well as the delay in cancer diagnosis. This was expressed in pooled rate % and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: Eleven studies (three randomized, two prospective, six retrospective) totaling 642 patients met inclusion criteria. Eight studies reported how patients were screened for cancer and the number of patients who completed follow-up. The pooled cancer rate was 3.4% (0.9%, 5.8%) with low heterogeneity (Isquare2 = 34.02%) in eight studies. Cancer rates were 8.2% (0%, 3%) (Isquare2 = 58.2%) and 1.7% (0%, 4.5%) (Isquare2 = 0%) in prospective and retrospective studies, respectively. Randomized trials reported a cancer rate of 7.2% (3.1%, 11.2%) with low among-study heterogeneity (Isquare2 = 0%) and a median delay to diagnosis of 2 (1.5-5) months. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review found that 7% of patients undergoing laparoscopic lavage for peritonitis had perforated colon cancer with a delay to diagnosis of up to 5 months.

FACTORS OF AGGRESSION AT THE STAGES OF OPEN SURGICAL TREATMENT OF SEVERE FORMS OF PERITONITIS.

There are many unresolved questions regarding the features of surgical aggression in the open method of treatment of severe forms of peritonitis. There are isolated publications in the literature on the risk features of these interventions, despite the high prevalence of the problem. The purpose of this study was to study the features of surgical aggression in the open method of treatment of severe forms of peritonitis. The study included 205 patients with severe forms of purulent peritonitis treated at the Emergency Hospital in Aktobe (n=205). To assess the factors of surgical aggression, the reliability of the results was evaluated by variational statistics according to the Student's t-criterion, taking into account the degree of freedom, at p<0.05 and p<0.01, with the calculation of arithmetic averages and their average errors (M+m). The data are presented as an average value±standard deviation or median and percentiles, p-values less than 0.05 were considered significant. Based on the results obtained, it was found that the frequency of repeated laparosanation surgical interventions in one patient was 2.8±0.3 times against the background of purulent-inflammatory process in the abdominal cavity, a high degree of stress index of the regulatory systems of the body during sanitation was revealed - up to 1460.9±101.5 units, postural reactions of blood circulation and respiration in 7.55% and metabolic disorders homeostasis. Aggressive factors affecting patients and causing the risk of multiple laparosanation interventions at the stages of open surgical treatment of severe forms of peritonitis have been identified. The data obtained can be used to develop therapeutic and preventive measures to improve the results of treatment of severe peritonitis.

Predictors of Surgical Site Infection in Contaminated Abdominal Surgical Wounds: Our Experience in Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital.

BACKGROUND: Secondary peritonitis is a common emergency surgical condition with varying aetiologies managed by surgeons all over the world. One important morbidity associated with it is postoperative surgical site infection (SSI). A better prevention strategy can be instituted if this complication in patients can be correctly predicted. The study aimed to identify factors in patients with peritonitis that have a significant bearing on the development of postoperative SSI. METHOD: A total of fifty patients operated on for peritonitis in a period of one year were studied. Factors including age, gender, comorbidities, presenting symptoms, time of presentation, time of intervention, intraoperative findings, duration of surgery, and postoperative SSI were noted. Chi-square, Fisher's exact test and Student's t-test were used to test for association where appropriate and a p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Peritonitis was most commonly due to a ruptured appendix (46%) followed by perforated peptic ulcer disease (42%). The incidence of SSI was 44%. For the patients that developed SSI, the lowest rate was observed in cases of ruptured appendix (39.1%) and the highest in perforated gastric ulcer (64.3%) which was closely followed by perforated duodenal ulcer (57.1%). The association between the time of presentation and the occurrence of SSI was statistically significant (p = 0.028). CONCLUSION: The SSI rate (44%) from peritonitis in our centre was quite high and the time of presentation played a crucial role. Prevention strategies focusing on predictors of SSI is necessary to reduce the rate of SSI in our setting.

CONTEXTE: La péritonite secondaire est une affection chirurgicale d'urgence fréquente avec diverses étiologies gérées par des chirurgiens du monde entier. Une morbidité importante associée à cela est l'infection postopératoire du site chirurgical (SSI). Une meilleure stratégie de prévention peut être mise en place si cette complication chez les patients peut être correctement prédite. L'étude visait à identifier les facteurs chez les patients atteints de péritonite qui ont une incidence significative sur le développement d'une SSI postopératoire. MÉTHODE: Au total, cinquante patients opérés pour une péritonite sur une période d'un an ont été étudiés. Des facteurs tels que l'âge, le sexe, les comorbidités, les symptômes de présentation, le moment de la présentation, le moment de l'intervention, les constatations peropératoires, la durée de la chirurgie et la SSI postopératoire ont été notés. Le test du chi carré, le test exact de Fisher et le test t de Student ont été utilisés pour tester les associations lorsque cela était approprié et une valeur de p < 0,05 était considérée comme statistiquement significative. RÉSULTATS: La péritonite était le plus souvent due à une appendicite rompue (46 %), suivie de près par une perforation de l'ulcère gastrique (42 %). L'incidence de la SSI était de 44 %. Pour les patients qui ont développé une SSI, le taux le plus bas a été observé dans les cas d'appendicite rompue (39,1%) et le plus élevé dans l'ulcère gastrique perforé (64,3 %), suivi de près par l'ulcère duodénal perforé (57,1 %). L'association entre le moment de la présentation et l'occurrence de la SSI était statistiquement significative (p = 0,028). CONCLUSION: Le taux de SSI (44 %) provenant de la péritonite dans notre centre était assez élevé et le moment de la présentation jouait un rôle crucial.Des stratégies de prévention axées sur les prédicteurs de la SSI sont nécessaires pour réduire le taux de SSI dans notre contexte. Mots-clés: Péritonite, Infection du site opératoire, Prédicteurs de la SSI, Moment de la présentation.

[Choice of surgical approach and option for completing laparotomy in widespread peritonitis]. / Vybor operativnogo dostupa i varianta zaversheniya laparotomii pri rasprostranennom peritonite.

OBJECTIVE: To create a system for choosing surgical approach and completing laparotomy in advanced secondary peritonitis via combination of clinical, visual intra-abdominal criteria and systems for predicting the outcomes of peritonitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included 686 patients with peritonitis between May 2015 and December 2022. Age of patients ranged from 16 to 95 years (mean 53.4±8.7). Male-to-female ratio was 1.2:11 (377:309). Destructive appendicitis was the cause of peritonitis in 274 (39.9%) patients, gastroduodenal ulcer perforation - 160 (23.3%) patients, colonic perforation - 188 (27.4%) patients, other causes - 64 (9.4%) patients. At baseline, 481 (70.1%) patients underwent diagnostic laparoscopy, and laparoscopic surgery was possible in 302 (62.8%) cases. Primary median laparotomy was performed in 205 (29.9%) patients. The closed method of completing laparotomy was used in 345 patients (77 - 22.3% died), staged elective surgeries - 28 (18 - 64.3% died), open abdomen technique was used in 11 patients (5 - 45.5% died). Redo laparotomy on demand was performed in 44 patients. Of these, 21 (47.7%) ones died. Overall mortality was 15.0% (n=103). The main causes of mortality were sepsis/septic shock (67 cases, 65.0%), acute cardiovascular and respiratory failure (15 patients, 14.6%). RESULTS: The developed index of approach and completion of surgery in secondary peritonitis is valuable to make a decision on access and completion of surgery in patients with widespread peritonitis. CONCLUSION: Integral systems for assessment of clinical status and choice of treatment strategy are effective in systematizing the results, evaluating treatment outcomes and conducting researches.

[Surgical treatment of a patient with tubular colonic duplication complicated by perforation and peritonitis]. / Uspeshnoe lechenie patsienta s tubulyarnoi duplikatsiei tolstoi kishki, oslozhnennoi perforatsiei i peritonitom.

We present successful treatment of a patient with tubular colonic duplication complicated by fecal impaction, perforation and fecal peritonitis. This anomaly is usually detected in children younger 2 years old. In adulthood, this diagnosis is of a precedent-setting nature. If the diagnosis was not confirmed in early childhood, the absence of typical clinical picture, long-term course of disease and difficult interpretation of clinical data complicate subsequent verification of congenital anomaly. Only infectious complications and emergency surgery in adults can make a correct diagnosis.

Primary anastomosis and suturing combined with vacuum-assisted abdominal closure in patients with secondary peritonitis due to perforation of the small intestine: a retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Intestinal resection and a proximal stoma is the preferred surgical approach in patients with severe secondary peritonitis due to perforation of the small intestine. However, proximal stomas may result in significant nutritional problems and long-term parenteral nutrition. This study aimed to assess whether primary anastomosis or suturing of small intestine perforation is feasible and safe using the open abdomen principle with vacuum-assisted abdominal closure (VAC). METHODS: Between January 2005 and June 2018, we performed a retrospective chart review of 20 patients (> 18 years) with diffuse faecal peritonitis caused by small intestinal perforation and treated with primary anastomosis/suturing and subsequent open abdomen with VAC. RESULTS: The median age was 65 years (range: 23-90 years). Twelve patients were female (60%). Simple suturing of the small intestinal perforation was performed in three cases and intestinal resection with primary anastomosis in 17 cases. Four patients (20%) died within 90-days postoperatively. Leakage occurred in five cases (25%), and three patients developed an enteroatmospheric fistula (15%). Thirteen of 16 patients (83%) who survived were discharged without a stoma. The rest had a permanent stoma. CONCLUSIONS: Primary suturing or resection with anastomosis and open abdomen with VAC in small intestinal perforation with severe faecal peritonitis is associated with a high rate of leakage and enteroatmospheric fistula formation. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The study was approved by the Danish Patient Safety Authority (case number 3-3013-1555/1) and the Danish Data Protection Agency (file number 18/28,404). No funding was received.

Morbimortalidad en pacientes con peritonitis apendicular sometidos a cirugía laparoscópica / Morbimortality in patients with appendicular peritonitis undergoing laparoscopic surgery

Objetivo: Describir la morbimortalidad de los pacientes con diagnóstico de peritonitis apendicular, sometidos a cirugía laparoscópica en el Servicio de Cirugía General del Hospital Universitario de Caracas, durante el periodo enero 2013 - diciembre 2018. Métodos: estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo, observacional de corte transversal. Se revisaron las historias clínicas de los pacientes con peritonitis apendicular que fueron sometidos a cirugía laparoscópica en los servicios de Cirugía I, II, III y IV del Hospital Universitario de Caracas, en el período enero 2013-diciembre 2018. Las variables cuantitativas se expresaron en media ± desviación estándar y variables cualitativas en frecuencia y porcentaje; los datos se procesaron en el programa estadístico SPSS 19 (SPSS, inc., Chicago, EEUU). Resultados: la muestra estuvo conformado por 60 pacientes con edades entre 12 y 78 años, con el 78,33% en el grupo etario de 10 a 29 años; el sexo masculino representó el 58,33% de la muestra, con un promedio de edad de 23,90± 11,84 años; las complicaciones se presentaron en el 18,33% de los casos, más frecuente la infección del sitio operatorio con 6,67% (n=4) de los pacientes. La estancia hospitalaria global fue de 4,80 ± 2,58 días. Un paciente falleció. Conclusiones: el abordaje laparoscópico para el tratamiento de la peritonitis apendicular difusa se relaciona con muy baja morbimortalidad postoperatoria. La complicación más frecuente fue la infección del sitio operatorio. La mayoría de los pacientes solo ameritó una intervención quirúrgica(AU)

Objective: To describe the morbimortality ofpatients with a diagnosis of appendicular peritonitis undegoinglaparoscopic surgery in the General Surgery Department of the University Hospital of Caracas, during the period January2013 - December 2018. Methods: A retrospective, descriptive,observational, cross-sectional, descriptive study was performed.the medical records of patients with appendicular peritonitis who underwent laparoscopic surgery in the Surgery I, II, III and IV services of the University Hospital of Caracas were reviewed. Period January 2013-December 2018. Quantitative variables are expressed as mean ± standard deviation and qualitative variablesas frequency and percentage. The data were processed in the SPSS 19 statistical program (SPSS, inc., Chicago, USA). Results: the sample consisted of 60 patients aged between 12 and 78 years, with 78.33% in the age group 10 to 29 years. Male sex represented 58.33% of the sample, with an average age of 23.90 ±11.84 years. Complications occurred in 18.33% of the cases, with6.67% (n=4) of the patients reporting surgical site infection. The overall hospital stays of 4.80 ± 2.58 days. One patientdied. Conclusions: the laparoscopic approach is of choice for the treatment of diffuse appendicular peritonitis. The most frequent complication was surgical site infection. Most of the patients only required one surgical intervention(AU)

[Surgical wound closure in advanced peritonitis]. / Sposoby zakrytiya operatsionnoi rany pri rasprostranennom peritonite.

To date, mortality in widespread peritonitis is still high (15-20%) and increased up to 70-80% in case of septic shock. Surgeons actively discuss wound closure technique in these patients considering intraoperative findings and severity of illness. The authors present scientific data and opinions of national and foreign surgeons regarding the methods of laparotomy closure. There are still no generally accepted criteria for choosing the method of laparotomy closure in secondary widespread peritonitis. Indications and clinical efficacy of each procedure require additional research.

[Enteral protection in patients with diffuse peritonitis]. / Enteroprotektsiya v povyshenii effektivnosti lecheniya patsientov s rasprostranennym peritonitom.

OBJECTIVE: To improve treatment outcomes in patients with diffuse peritonitis via enteral protection using intestinal lavage with ozonized solution through an original tube. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analyzed 78 patients with advanced peritonitis. The control group included 39 patients who underwent standard measures after surgery for peritonitis. The main group consisted of 39 patients who underwent early postoperative intestinal lavage with ozonized solutions through original tube for 3 days. RESULTS: Clinical and laboratory parameters, as well as ultrasound data indicated better correction of enteral insufficiency in the main group. Morbidity in the main group was lower by 33.3%, length of hospital-stay - by 3.5 days. CONCLUSION: Early postoperative intestinal lavage with ozonized solutions through original tube accelerates recovery intestinal function and improves treatment outcomes in patients with widespread peritonitis.

Prolonged door-to-antibiotics time is associated with high hospital mortality in patients with perforated colorectal peritonitis.

PURPOSE: Colorectal perforation is a fatal disease that presents with generalized peritonitis, leading to sepsis and septic shock. Recently, the association between prolonged door-to-antibiotics time and increased mortality in sepsis has been widely reported. In this study, we investigated the prognostic impact of a prolonged door-to-antibiotics time in patients with perforated colorectal peritonitis undergoing emergency surgery. METHODS: This retrospective study included 93 patients with perforated colorectal peritonitis who underwent emergency surgery at our institution between April 2015 and August 2019. Patients were divided into two groups depending on the door-to-antibiotics time (< 162 min or ≥ 162 min). The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. The secondary outcomes were the length of hospital stay and severe complication rate. The logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the odds ratio for in-hospital mortality. RESULTS: We identified 38 patients who presented with an extended door-to-antibiotics time (≥ 162 min) and 55 patients who presented with a shortened door-to-antibiotics time (< 162 min). We found a strong association between the door-to-antibiotics time ≥ 162 min and in-hospital mortality. There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding the length of hospital stay and postoperative complication rate. However, in multivariate analysis, extended door-to-antibiotics time was an independent prognostic factor for in-hospital mortality (odds ratio = 244; 95% confidence interval, 11 -23,885). CONCLUSION: A prolonged door-to-antibiotics time (≥ 162 min) worsened hospital mortality rates in patients with perforated colorectal peritonitis.

Intraoperative techniques to prevent deep incisional or organ-space surgical site infection after emergency surgery for nonappendiceal perforation peritonitis: a prospective two-center observational study.

PURPOSE: The rate of surgical site infection (SSI) after surgery for secondary peritonitis is very high. This study investigated the relationship between intraoperative procedures of emergency surgery for nonappendiceal perforation peritonitis and deep incisional or organ-space SSI. METHODS: This prospective, two-center observational study included patients aged ≥ 20 years who underwent emergency surgery for perforation peritonitis between April 2017 and March 2020. We compared patients with deep incisional or organ-space SSI (Group S) to patients without SSIs or with superficial incisional SSIs (Group C). Thereafter, we evaluated the association between intraoperative technical variables and deep incisional or organ-space SSI using a multivariate logistic regression model. All multivariate analyses were adjusted for potentially relevant risk factors (e.g., age, body mass index, diabetes, smoking habit, and National Nosocomial Infection Surveillance risk index). RESULTS: Of the 75 participants, 14 were in Group S and 61 were in Group C. The use of a wound protector device was significantly associated with decreased odds of deep incisional or organ-space SSI (adjusted odds ratios [AOR], 0.017; 95% confidence intervals [CI] 0.0014-0.19, p = 0.0011). A 1000 ml increase in intra-abdominal lavage with normal saline was significantly associated with increased odds of deep incisional or organ-space SSI (AOR: 1.28, 95% CI 1.02-1.61, p = 0.033). CONCLUSION: Wound protector devices should be used in emergency surgery for nonappendiceal perforation peritonitis. Excessive intra-abdominal lavage with normal saline for peritonitis may have unsatisfactory benefits and increases the incidence of deep incisional or organ-space SSI.

Incarcerated obturator hernia, an extremely rare cause of intestinal obstruction: case series.

Protrusion of abdominal contents through the obturator foramen is a rare type of abdominal wall hernia. It is usually seen unilaterally and right-sided. Predisposing factors are old age, high intra-abdominal pressure, pelvic floor dysfunction, and multiparity. Obturator hernia has one of the highest mortality rates of all abdominal wall hernias, with a difficult diagnostic process that can be misleading even for the most experienced surgeons. Therefore, to suspect and easily diagnose an obturator hernia, it is important to understand its characteristics. Computerized tomography scanning remains the best diagnostic tool with the highest sensitivity. Conservative ap-proach is not recommended in obturator hernia cases. Once diagnosed, urgent surgical repair is indicated to prevent further ischemia, necrosis, and risk of perforation that can lead to peritonitis, septic shock, and death. Although open repair is a widely used and effective method for reducing abdominal hernias, including obturator, laparoscopic repairs have been described and become preferred. In this study, we present female patients aged 86, 95, and 90 years who were operated with the diagnosis of obturator hernia on computed tomography. The diagnosis of obturatory hernia should always be kept in mind, especially in the presence of acute mechanical intestinal obstruction findings in an elderly woman.

Emergency laparoscopic sigmoid colectomy with primary anastomosis for Hinchey stages III and IV diverticulitis.

For patients with perforated diverticulitis, many reports have focused on laparoscopic surgery without primary anastomosis. We performed laparoscopic surgery with primary anastomosis in three patients (two with Hinchey stage III, one with IV), with a median age of 53 years, all female, and no prior medical history. They all were hemodynamically stable. The median operation time was 91 minutes (range: 56-227 minutes) and the median blood loss was 50 mL (range: 0-200 mL). Their post-operative course was uneventful, and patients commenced oral intake at a median of 5 post-operative days and were discharged at a median of 12 post-operative days. This procedure may be an option for Hinchey stages III and IV diverticulitis.

Laparoscopic lavage for Hinchey III perforated diverticulitis: factors for treatment failure in two randomized clinical trials.

BACKGROUND: The Scandinavian Diverticulitis (SCANDIV) trial and the LOLA arm of the LADIES trial randomized patients with Hinchey III perforated diverticulitis to laparoscopic peritoneal lavage or sigmoid resection. The aim of this analysis was to identify risk factors for treatment failure in patients with Hinchey III perforated diverticulitis. METHODS: This was a post hoc analysis of the SCANDIV trial and LOLA arm. Treatment failure was defined as morbidity requiring general anaesthesia (Clavien-Dindo grade IIIb or higher) within 90 days. Age, sex, BMI, ASA fitness grade, smoking status, previous episodes of diverticulitis, previous abdominal surgery, time to surgery, and surgical competence were all tested in univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses using an interaction variable. RESULTS: The pooled analysis included 222 patients randomized to laparoscopic lavage and primary resection (116 and 106 patients respectively). Univariable analysis found ASA grade to be associated with advanced morbidity in both groups, and the following factors in the laparoscopic lavage group: smoking, corticosteroid use, and BMI. Significant factors for laparoscopic lavage morbidity in multivariable analysis were smoking (OR 7.05, 95 per cent c.i. 2.07 to 23.98; P = 0.002) and corticosteroid use (OR 6.02, 1.54 to 23.51; P = 0.010). CONCLUSION: Active smoking status and corticosteroid use were risk factors for laparoscopic lavage treatment failure (advanced morbidity) in patients with perforated diverticulitis.